Apparatus for forming articles of glassware



v (No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 1.

D. G. RIPLEY.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING ARTICLES or GLASSWARB. No. 593,857. n PatentedNov..16,r1897.

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` D. G. RIPLEY. APPARATUS FOR FORMING ARTICLES 0F GLASSWARE.

Patented Nov. 16, 1897.

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v4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

D. G. RIPLEY.

APPARATUS PoR FORMING ARTICLES 0F GLASSWARB.

Patented Nov". 16, 1897.

WITNESSES MWA?.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

y D. C.. RIPLEY. APPARATUS POR PORMING ARTICLES OP GLASSWARB.

, No. 593,857. Patented NOV. v16, 1897.`

S E S S E N .n w

g UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

DANIEL C. RIPLEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUSV FOR FORM|NG-ART|CLES OF GLASSWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,857, dated November16, 1897.

Application iiled January 3, 1893.

To all whom it mayconcerm Be it known that I, DANIEL C. RIPLEY, ofPittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Forming Articlesof Glassware, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to an improvement in forming articles of glasswareby pressing and by pressing and blowing; and it consists in pressing oneor more articles or blanks from a fount or reservoir of plastic glassand separating the article or blank from the fount, and, where thearticle is to be blown as Well as pressed, so blowing the blank in amold as to form the desired article without any reheating of the blankand without the removal of the blank from a part of the mold during theentire operation.

The object of my invention is not only to obtain the combined advantagesof blowing and pressing the glass in the manufacture of articles ofglassware, but also to produce,

where it is desirable to do so, a number of articles of glassware by onecontinuous op-l eration, thereby producing a more perfect product withsmall expenditure of time and labor, and one of the great advantagesincident to my invention is that thereby the out# put within a giventime and with a given amount of labor maybe enormously increased overthat of any method heretofore known to me.

In the manufacture of machine-made articles of glassware, such asbottles, a blank is first formed by pressing the neck and a cayity inthe body of the blank below the neck in a suitable mold, only sufficientglass being placed in the mold to form the article to be produced. Theparts composing the mold in which the glass is pressed are thenseparated, that portion in which the neck has been pressed being liftedfrom the body of the mold, and, carrying` with it thev blank which hasbeen .pressed therein, is placed on the body of another mold in'whichthe blank is blown out to the shape of the finished article. By Athismethod only one article can be produced ata singleoperation,'and it isalso i1npossible to produce bottles or other articles having largebodies and narrow necks for Serial No. 457,040. (No model.)

the reason that the mass of glass from which the body is formed has tobe dropped down through the neck portion of the mold, and consequentlywhere the neck is narrow it is impossible to drop the necessary mass ofglass through the narrow neck portion of the mold, and also in such casea plunger which can pass through the neck, being necessarily narrow, isincapable of displacing a sufficient amount of glass to form the body.

I will now describe my invention as it may be employed in connectionwith the manufacture of a number of bottles, so that others skilled inthe art may use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is avertical sectional View of the machine on the line I I of Fig. 2. Fig. 2is a vertical sectional view on the line II II of Fig 1.. Fig. 3 is avertical sectional view of the fount and blank mold on the line III IIIof Fig. 6.v Fig. 4 is a similar View showing ythe bottle-mold. Fig. 5 isa vertical sectional view of the same on the line V V of Fig. 6. Fig. 6is a plan view of the neck-section and bed-plate of the mold. Figs. 7and 8 are plan views of the shears for cutting the sprues,

and Fig. 9 is a section on the line IX IX of Fio. 7.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

Instead of pressing the body of the bottleblank through the neckportion, as has heretofore ordinarily been done in the commercialmanufacture of bottles, I press the glass through the bottom of the molddown over a central core, the pressure on the glass forcing it downaroundthe core and into the neck portion of themold,v and instead ofplacing the glass directly in the mold I place it in a fount on top ofthe inverted blank-mold, which mold is provided with a number ofcavities or molds which communicate with the fount by suitable openings,and I press the glass from the fount into the mold. This forms a numberof blanks having finished necks and is the rst step of my process.

The second step'consists in separating the.

IOO

The third step of my improved process consists in blowing the bodies ofthe bottles, and this may be done as follows The cores around which theblanks have been pressed are withdrawn from the mouths of the blanks.The blank-mold is lifted from the blanks, leaving them supported bytheneck portion of the mold, and a mold having cavities of the size of thebodies of the bottles to be produced is placed over the blanks, or theneck portion of the mold maybe lifted and inverted, so as to drop theblanks into the cavities. The mouths of the blanks are then connectedwith acompressed-air conduit and the bodies of the bottles are blown inthe mold until they conform therewith. The body portion of the mold isthen lifted and removed and the bottles are released from the neckportion of the mold and sent to the leers. In the drawings I have shownmolds and apparatus by means of which this method can be readily carriedinto effect, the molds there shown being adapted to the manufacture of aseries of six bottles.

Although I have shown the apparatus adapted to the manufacture of aseries or number of bottles, I do not desire to limit myself to themanufacture of bottles nor to a series or number of bottles, as byslight changes the apparatus may be used in the manufacture of singlearticles and also of other articles than bottles.

Secured to the press or mold table 2 are two vertical standards 3, atthe top of which is the fixed cross-head 4, which is rmly and securelyfastened to the standards. Bolted to the cross-head 4 is the fixedplunger 5, around the stemof which, in a casing formed in thecross-head, is a spiral spring G, which bears-y against the cross-headand also against the. sleeve 7 of the cap or ring 8, which ring andsleeve surround the plunger 5 and the plunger-rod 5', so as to becapable of moving f freely thereon in a vertical direction, its down- 1ward movement under the pressure of the` spring 6 being limited by thehead of the.r plunger. Situato below the cross-head 4 isa horizontalshelf 10, which rests upon the upj per ends of the vertical bars 11, butnot attached thereto, the standards 3 passing loosely through the shelf,so that a vertical movement maybe imparted to the shelf, it sliding upand down on the standards 3. Directly below the plunger 5 in the shelf10 is an opening 13 for the reception of the fount 14 of the mold. Inthe front portion of the shelf, in front of the opening 13, are a numberof small holes through which project the lugs 15, which are the same innumber, arrangement, and size as the openings 19 in the bottom of thefount 14 and are designed to fit in and close the openings in the bottomof the fount when the fount is placed on the front portion of theshelf,where itis in position to receive the mass of glass from which thebottles are to be formed. The lugs 15 are i secured to a plate 1G,secured to the bottom of the shelf 10 by the bolts 17, on which theplate slides. By means of a weighted lever 1S the plate 16 may bedepressed so as to carry the lugs 15 below the level of the shelf 10 andallow the fount 14, when it has received the mass of glass, to be pushedback into the opening 13 of the shelf 10. Surrounding the fount 14 is aring collar 20, which rests upon the shelf and supports the fount at theproper elevation when it drops into the opening 13. Situate below theshelf 10 is the stationary table 21, having an opening 22 through it anddirectly beloW the opening 13 in the shelf 10. Secured to the frame ofthe press 2 and situate below the table 21 is a pneumatic cylinder 24,having a piston and a piston-rod 25. This cylinder is connected with asupply of compressed air, by which the piston is operated, suitablevalves and ports being arrangedfor the operation of the piston. At theouter end of the piston-rod 25 is a head 28, to which are secured aseries of pins or cores 29, the same in number and arrangement as theopenings 19 in the fount 14. Resting on the table 21 is the bed-plate 30of thc mold, on the lower face of which are the parallel projections,ridges, or tracks 31, which it into parallel guides or grooves 32,formed in the upper face of the table 21, the purpose of these groovesand tracks being to guide t-hc bed-plate of the mold when it is drawn tothe forward end of the table after the pressing operation has beencompleted. This bedplate 30 is provided with holes 33 for the passage ofthe pins or cores 29. Resting on the seat 34 of the bed-plate 30 is theneck section or part 35 of the mold, which part is composed of the outerthree-part hinged ring 35 and a central solid disk or other member 36,the series of six neck-cavities 37 being arranged on the line of thecircumference of the disk 3G, so that when the ring 35 is parted thenecks of the bottles in the mold will be released. Resting on themold-section 35 is the section 38, in which the blanks for the body ofthe bottles are formed. This section 38 may be a solid piece, having aseries of vertical cavities 39 extending through the section andcorresponding in diameter with the cavities 37 in the neck portion ofthe mold and coinciding with the openings 19 in the fount 14.

The operation of these parts in carrying out or effecting the first stepof my process is as follows: The fount 14 is placed on the front portionof the shelf 10, where it is out of the way of the plunger 4, the plugs15 Iitting in and closing the openings 19 in the bottom of the fount bythe raising of the plate 1G, and then the mass of glass from which thebottles are to be formed is placed in the fount. Vere the openings 19left open the glass would in its soft condition drop down into the openlings and harden, so as seriously to interfere with the operation ofpressing the blanks, and this is prevented bythe plugs 15, which keepthe openings closed until the glass has been placed in the fount anduntil thc fount is re- IOO IIO

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moved to its position in the opening 13. Vihenl are previously placed inposition over the opening 22 in the stationary table 21. It should benoticed that the fount then rests on the mold and is not supported onthe table by they collar or ring 20, which collar does not need to actas a support to the fount until it is desired to remove the fount fromthe mold. The fount and parts of the mold being thus placed impositionbeneath the plunger-loom- .pressed air is admitted to the cylinder 24below the piston, which forces the piston-rod 25 upward, causing thepins or cores 29 to.pass ihrough the holes 33 in the bed-plate and enterthe cavities 37 and 39 of the mold, andthe piston continuing its strokethe head 28 comes in contact with the bed-plate 30 of the mold andraises the plate,the mold,and fount thereontogether with the shelf 10,which is lifted by the mold beneath it, the shelf leaving the bars 11and sliding upward on the standards 3. This brings the fount 14 incontact with the fixed'plnnger 4, which enters the fount, while thespring-ring 8 is pushed back by the rim of the fount,the function of thering being to prevent any escape of glass over therim of the fount. Theglass in the fount being carried against the plunger is forced downthrough the openings inthe bottom ofthe fount into the cavities 39 ofthe mold, around the pins or cores 29 and into the neck-cavities 37,therebypressing the necks and the bodies of the bottle-blanks. Thisbeing done the piston 25 is caused to descend, the shelf 10 and the moldthereon 'are carried back to their former position, and the cores 29arewit-hdrawn from the blanks in the mold. Keyed to the transverse shaft23, which is journaled in the frame of the press 2, isa hand-lever 46.This shaft 23 is connected with the sliding rods 11 by the toggle-arms26 and 27, the arms 26 being keyed to the shaft 23 and pivoted to thearms 27, and the arms 27 being pivoted to the rods 11.

As before stated, the shelf 10 rests on the ends of the bars 11 withoutbeing secured thereto. Fitting loosely on the bars 11 is the cross-frame40, the. bars passing loosely through the frame. This frame 40 looselyencircles the body portion 38 of the blankmold, so as to engage withitsA annular collar 41, which is formed on the outer face of themold-section 38. Y

Situate between the bottom of the fount 14 and the top of themold-section 38 are two thini metal plates 68 and 69, (shown in Figs. 7and 8,) which plates are pivoted together below the bottom of the fountand are provided with holes 70, corresponding with the holes 19 in thebottom of the fount, .but .of greater area.

. These plates form shears .for cutting4 the sprues when the fonntisraised from the moldsection and are operated by turning them on theircentral pivot 71 in opposite directions to each other, by which movementthe sprues are severed by the edges of the holes 62 in the two platespassing each other. Below the frame 40, on the bars 11, are thestop-rings 45, which are so arranged with reference to the cross-frame40 that when the bars 11 have come in contact with the frame 40, atwhich point the further movement of the lever is stopped and it isretained in that position by the latch 47 which engages ina notch in.the press 2. This upward movement of the bars 11 raises the shelf 10,and with it the fount 14, the stop-ring 2O of the fount engaging withthe shelf; but as the section 38 of the mold is not fthereby raised itbecomes separated a short distance (say about half lan inch) from thefount, which enables the workman to cut the sprues of glass extendingbetween the glass remaining in the fount and the pressed blanks in themold-section, which may be done by turning the plates 68 and 69 inopposite directions 'on their central pivot. This beingdone bythe shearsor by other suitable tools the fount14 is removed and the lever'46 isthen unlatched and pulled forward the length of its throw, when thestops 45 on the rods 11, engagingwith the frame 40, raisethe frame andwithit the mold-section 38, lifting the latter entirely off and awayfrom the bottle-blanks, which are left standing in a vertical position,the necks of the blanks being held in the neck-section 34.

. The second step of the process-the separation of the glass in thefount from the blanksis thus completed, and the body-section 38 of themold having been removed from the blanks the bed-plate 30, together withthe neck -section 34 of the mold carrying the blanks, is drawn forwardin the grooves 32 until it comes in contact with the stop 48 at theouter edge of the table 2l. Below the front part of the-table 21 andyarranged to move vertically through an opening therein is the rod 51,the lower end of which passes through aslot 65 in the foot-lever 52, therod being supported by a collar 66, whichrests on the lever and which iskeyed to the rod. Between the collar 66 and the plate 67 of the frame 2is aspiral spring 55, the forceA of which tends to keep the rod 51 inits lowered position. The upper end of the rod 51 is square or angularin cross-section, and it is IIO adapted to t in and pass throughcentraly holes in the bed-plate and neck-sections ofI the mold. Aroundthe opening for the passage of the rod 51 in the table 21 are a seriesof air-ports G1, which lead into the compressedair chamber 54. The portsare so situate as to register with the openings 33 in the bedplate 30 ofthe mold.

- As soon as the blanks are brought to the forward part of the table 21by the movement of the bed-plate 30 another section 56 of thebottle-mold, and which has not been used in that part of the operationalready described, is placed on top of the neck-section 31. Section 5Gis provided with mold-cavities 58 of the shape of the bottles to beblown, the cavities being open at the base of the mold-section, so thatthe section may bc placed down over the blanks and closed at the top. Inorder to cause these cavities to register with the blanks, the rod 51 isfirst raised by pressing on the foot-lever, which elcvates the end ofthe rod through the openings in the table 2l and the central openings inthe base-plate and neck-section of the mold, the end of the rodextending above the same. In the center of the bottle-mold section 56 isa square or angular hole for the reception of the rod 51, so that inorder to pass the mold-section down on the rod it must be brought intosuch position that the angular hole in the center of the mold-sectionwill register with the angular end of the rod, and when this is the casethe cavities in the mold-section will register with the blanks. Vhen themold-section has been placed over the blanks, the end of the rod 51projects a short distance above the mold, as shown in Fig. 4. In thisprojecting end is a slot 59, into which a key is passed which securesthe rod, and thus the moldsection 5G is securely held against thenecksection 34. Instead of this a stop may be placed 011 the rod 51,arranged to engage with the plate or frame G7 when the rod 51 has beenelevated the proper distance, and then by inserting a cam key or wrenchin the slot and bringing the key down so that the cam shall bear on themold-section the sections of the mold are locked in position. The moldbeing thus secured in place compressed air is permitted to pass into theair-chamber 54, on the under side of the table 21, from a suitablesource of supply,which air passes through the ports 61 into the cavitiesin the blanks, blowing the glass until it conforms to the shape of themold-cavities. The locking key or wrench is then removed, themold-section 5G is lifted from the bottles, the rod 51 is lowered, andthe bottles are released by opening the three-part neck-ring of themold-sec- 1 tion 31, after which they are sent to the leer.

It will be readily seen that in the manufacture of some articles otherthan bottles, such as articles formed entirely by pressing, the thirdstep of my process may be omitted and a number of finished articles maybe pressed from a fount into a mold havinganumber of cavities, whichconstitutes the first step of my process, and then separated from theglass in the fount by cutting the sprues, which constitutes the secondstep, and also that by changing the form of the cavities in the moldother articles than bottles may be formed in the same manner, andalthough one of the advantages of my method is that a number of bottlesor other articles may be formed at one time, yet this apparatus may beadvantageously employed in the manufacture of single articles,especially where the article is designed to have a large body and acontracted opening or neck.

Various changes may also be made in the apparatus without affecting themethod or steps of the process. Part of the work maybe done by hand, or,as already mentioned, instead of placing the body of the bottle-moldover the blanks and blowing from the bottom the blanks may be invertedand dropped into the mold, the blowing in such case being done from thetop instead of from the bottom. Instead of the mold-sections 38 and 56being made in a single piece they may be in the form of parted molds forthe manufacture of such shaped articles as require molds of this class.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination ofa fount,a mold,a cutter interposed between the baseof the fount and the mold and adapted to cut the sprues, and means forseparating the fount and mold IOO to permit operation of themitten-substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a press having a fixedbed forsupporting the mold, a movable shelf for supporting the fount,and adapted to separate the fount from the mold, and a plunger;substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a shelf for supportingthe fount, said shelf having at one end a projection for closing theopening in the bottom of the fount while the fount is in position forbeing filled; substantially as described.

4c. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, ashelf or support forthe fount, said shelf having at one end a movable projection forclosingthe opening in the bottom of the fou nt, while the fount is inposition for being filled, and devices for depressing the projectionbelow the level of the surface of the shelf; substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for the ,y manufacture of glassware, the combination ofa mold having an interior cavity, a pin or core adapted to be insertedin the cavity, a neck-section of the mold capable of separation from thebody of the mold, a fount capable of separation from the body of themold, a plunger for pressing the glass from the fount into the cavity ofthe mold around the core, and devices for separating the fount from themold, the body of the IIO mold from the neck-section, and the core from'the blank; substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for the manufacture -of glassware, the combination of amold having a series of cavities, a fount capable of removal from'themold, a neck-section capable of removal from lthe body of the mold, aseries of pins or cores capable of removal from the blanks, a fixedplunger; devices for carrying the fount, mold, and cores to the plunger;and

` devices for separating the fount from the mold and the mold from theblanks; substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a press having a fixedplunger, in

combination with a movable shelf for su pporting the fount, and amovable frame for supporting the body of the mold, a fixed table forsupporting the mold, a piston having a head adapted to lift the mold andfount against the plunger, and devices for raising the fount-support andthe movable mold-support', so as to separate Vthe fount from the body ofthe mold and to lift the body of the mold from the blanks; substantiallyas described.

8. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination ofapress having a table provided with guide-grooves, and having at itsforward end a series of air-ports; a mold adapted to slide in the guidesof the plate; a locking-rod adapted to lock the mold in position overthe air-ports, and devices for operating said rod; substantially asdescribed.

9. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of amold composed of two or more separable horizontal sections and having aseries of cavities; a table having a series of air-ports, and alocking-rod angular in cross-section and adapted to fit in angularcavities eXtendin g through the moldsection; substantially as described.

lO. A mold for the manufacture of glassware, having cutting -shearscomposed of metal plates pivoted to each other, and adapted to sever thesprues; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I' have hereunto set my hand.

DANIEL C. RIPLEY. Witnesses:

W. B. CoRwIN, I-I. M. CORWIN.

